Nepal, situated proudly between the giants of China and India, is a country of breathtaking natural beauty, rich ancient traditions, and spiritual heritage. Whether you seek thrilling treks in the Himalayas, peaceful lakeside retreats, or cultural and historical richness, Nepal offers an experience like no other. This travel guide includes essential information to help you plan your trip accordingly.
Weather in Nepal
Nepal has four seasons.
Spring (March to May): Pleasant weather and the blooming of rhododendrons and other plants make it an ideal time for trekking and sightseeing.
Summer/Monsoon (June to August): The monsoon rains are in full swing, especially in the southern and central parts. Trails get muddy, and landslides are common in both cities and the countryside.
Autumn (September to November): Best time to visit Nepal. Dry weather, a cool climate, and festival time attract people in significant numbers.
Winter (December-February): Chilly in the hills but pleasant in the plains. Ideal for lower-altitude treks and cultural holidays.
The weather is more brutal at higher altitudes, so always be prepared to go for treks accordingly.
Geography
Nepal is geographically diverse, though compact in size. It's approximately divided into three:
Terai (Southern Plains): Agricultural-rich flat plains along India, with national parks like Chitwan and Bardia.
Hill Region: This includes the Kathmandu Valley and many mid-altitude towns, Nepal's cultural heartland.
Himalayan Region: Higher Himalayas like Mount Everest (8,848.86 m) and remote mountain villages, some only accessible by air or on foot. The Himalayan region is home to a diverse array of flora, fauna, and ecosystems.
Popular Tourist Sites
Kathmandu: Capital, history-laden temples, stupas, and bazaar-lined streets.
Pokhara: Renowned for its serene lakes, breathtaking mountain vistas, and thrilling adventure sports, including paragliding.
Chitwan National Park: Known for jungle safaris, one-horned rhinos, and birding.
Lumbini: Birthplace of Lord Buddha and a key pilgrimage site.
Everest Region (Khumbu): Trekkers come here for the traditional Everest Base Camp trek.
Annapurna Region: Features the Annapurna Circuit and Annapurna Base Camp treks.
Langtang and Manaslu Regions: Less crowded yet equally lovely trekking areas.
Arrivals
The sole international airport, although Pokhara and Lumbini airports are in the process of being developed for international flights, is Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA) in Kathmandu. Major airlines have flights from Asia, the Middle East, and some European cities. Overland arrival from India and China is also possible.
People and Religion
Nepal boasts a diverse mixture of ethnic communities, languages, and cultures. The major communities include Brahmins, Chhetris, Newars, Tharus, Tamangs, Gurungs, Magars, and Sherpas, among numerous others.
Religion
Hinduism is the dominant religion.
Buddhism is also widespread, particularly in the Himalayas.
Small numbers of Muslims, Christians, and animist believers also exist.
Nepal is secular and celebrates a variety of festivals, including Dashain, Tihar, Buddha Jayanti, and Holi.
Visas
Most tourists require a tourist visa to enter Nepal. You can get one:
On arrival at Kathmandu airport or land border crossings.
Online via the Nepal Immigration website (apply in advance).
Via embassies/consulates abroad.
Visa fees (as of 2025):
- 15 days: USD 30
- 30 days: USD 50
- 90 days: USD 125
You can extend your visa in Kathmandu or Pokhara.
Currency
The local currency is the Nepalese Rupee (NPR). USD, EUR, and GBP can be readily exchanged in tourist centers and cities. ATMs are widely available in cities but may not be available or reliable in rural areas. Credit cards are accepted by high-end hotels and restaurants, but not by the majority of small businesses.
Foods and Accommodations
Food
Nepali food is simple but delicious. Staples include
Dal Bhat: Lentils served with rice and curry — eaten daily by the locals.
Momo: Nepali dumplings.
Thukpa: Mountain-region favorite noodle soup.
Sel Roti: Sweet, deep-fried rice bread.
Vegetarian cuisine is abundant due to religious influence.
Accommodation
Budget: Guesthouses, hostels, and teahouses ($5–$15 per night).
Mid-range: Clean, comfortable hotels and lodges with basic facilities.
Luxury: Boutique hotels, resorts, and heritage hotels in Kathmandu, Pokhara, Nagarkot, and Chitwan.
On treks in the Himalayas, teahouses provide basic accommodation and food at reasonable rates.
Transportation
Domestic Flights: Required to reach remote trekking regions like Kanchenjunga, Makalu, Everest, and Upper Mustang. Delays are common due to weather.
Buses: Cheaper, but slow and usually packed. Tourist buses for the likes of Kathmandu–Pokhara.
Taxis and Ride Shares: In Urban Areas. Use metered taxis or haggle.
Motorbike and Cycle Rentals: Kathmandu and Pokhara are favoured.
Private Vehicles: Can be rented with a driver for ease and comfort.
Trekking: This is typically the only way to access the Himalayan villages.
Safety and Security
Nepal is typically safe for tourists.
Petty Crime: Pickpocketing is rarely committed in public places.
Trekking Safety: Always trek with a guide or group, especially in remote locations. Be careful about altitude sickness.
Natural disasters: Landslides and earthquakes are risks, especially during the monsoon season from June to August
Political demonstrations: Rare, but it's better to avoid any public demonstration.
Emergency numbers
- Police: 100
- Ambulance: 102
- Tourist Police: +977 1 4247041
Travel insurance is strongly recommended, especially for trekking and adventure sports.
Government System
Nepal is a federal democratic republic. Nepal was declared a republic in 2008 following the end of the monarchy. There is a prime minister who holds the ceremonial head of state, the president, and executive power. The country is officially divided into seven provinces with decentralized administration.
Nepal's constitution is founded on the acceptance of the country's diverse population and guarantees various freedoms and rights.
Other Tips and Information
Language: The official language is Nepali. English is widely spoken in tourist areas.
Internet & SIM Cards: Purchase a local SIM card (Ncell or NTC) for affordable mobile internet. Wi-Fi is widely available in most towns and hotels.
Electricity: 230 V AC is the standard in Nepal. Power outages are not as common in cities anymore, thanks to hydropower, but voltage fluctuations still occur.
Cultural Etiquette: Dress modestly, especially when visiting temples or villages. Always ask for permission to take photos of people.
Trekking Permits: Some treks require permits such as TIMS, ACAP, or RAP. These can be obtained in Pokhara or Kathmandu.
Nepal is not just a destination — it's an experience that lasts. Whether soaking up sunrise from Poon Hill, wandering around Boudhanath Stupa, canoeing on Phewa Lake, or reaching the base of the world's tallest mountain, Nepal's combination of nature, spirituality, and human warmth will capture you.
Plan meticulously, travel mindfully, and immerse yourself in the grandeur and diversity of Nepal.